Abstract: As a strategic emerging industry with global competitiveness in China, the patent transformation efficiency of the photovoltaic industry is a core indicator for measuring technological innovation capability and the development level of new quality productivity. By means of patentometric analysis, this paper systematically sorts out the current situation of China's photovoltaic industry patents from three dimensions: scale, quality and activity, and points out that the current industry has the problem of quantity-quality inversion, that is, the number of patents is leading while core patents are insufficient, and there is a significant gap in patent transformation efficiency compared with developed countries. On this basis, the deep-seated reasons restricting patent transformation are analyzed from four aspects: technology scenario adaptation, core patent accumulation, incentive structure orientation, and transformation mechanism construction. Furthermore through the multiple case study method and combined with typical industry cases, four types of successful experiences are summarized, including forward-looking technology layout, scenario adaptation verification, diversified operation modes, and dynamic strategy adjustment. This paper further explains the mechanism of photovoltaic patent transformation on the improvement of new quality productivity, and finally proposes optimization paths from four dimensions: improving incentive mechanisms, strengthening policy guidance, deepening industry-university-research integration, and promoting technology diffusion, so as to provide theoretical reference and practical basis for promoting high-quality transformation of patents in China's photovoltaic industry and enabling the development of new quality productivity.