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    CTAB构筑多级孔丝光沸石催化萘择形异丙基化制2,6-二异丙基萘

    • 摘要: 2,6-二异丙基萘(2,6-DIPN)是合成聚对萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)等高性能聚合物的重要中间体,其高效择形合成仍面临扩散受限与催化剂易积碳失活等问题。为提升2,6-DIPN的选择性和催化剂稳定性,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为结构调控剂,采用水热法合成了一系列多级孔MOR沸石,并系统考察了CTAB添加量对样品晶体结构、孔结构、酸性及萘异丙基化催化性能的影响。结果表明,适量CTAB的引入能够在保持MOR骨架结构完整的基础上构建发达次级孔结构,并提高与十二元环主孔道相关的可接近Brønsted酸位数量。其中,MOR-3样品具有最高比表面积(556.2 m2/g)和介孔孔容(0.34 cm3/g),在萘与异丙醇异丙基化反应中表现出最佳综合性能:萘转化率为84.2%,二异丙基萘(DIPN)选择性为43.8%,2,6-DIPN在DIPN中的选择性为68.2%,2,6-DIPN收率约为25.2%,且积碳含量最低(9.5 wt.%)。结合热重、拉曼及可溶性积碳GC-MS分析结果可知,多级孔结构有利于改善孔道传质,降低中间体在酸性位附近的停留时间,从而抑制多烷基萘前驱体生成及后续积碳过程。研究结果表明,CTAB可有效调控MOR分子筛构筑多级孔结构,在保留其择形特性的同时显著改善传质性能与抗积碳能力,为2,6-DIPN的高选择性合成提供了可行的催化剂设计思路。

       

      Abstract: 2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene (2,6-DIPN) is a crucial intermediate for the synthesis of high-performance polymers such as polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). However, its efficient shape-selective synthesis remains challenging due to diffusion limitations and catalyst deactivation caused by coke deposition. To improve the selectivity and catalytic stability for 2,6-DIPN synthesis, a series of hierarchical MOR zeolites were prepared via a hydrothermal method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to introduce secondary mesopore. The influence of CTAB addition on the crystal structure, textural properties, acidity, and catalytic performance in naphthalene isopropylation was systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that an appropriate amount of CTAB generates a well-developed mesoporous network while preserving the integrity of the MOR framework, concurrently increasing the number of accessible Brønsted acid sites associated with the 12-MR channels. Notably, the MOR-3 sample, exhibiting the highest specific surface area (556.2 m2/g) and mesopore volume (0.34 cm3/g), achieved the best overall catalytic performance in the isopropylation of naphthalene with isopropanol: a naphthalene conversion of 84.2%, a diisopropylnaphthalene (DIPN) selectivity of 43.8%, a 2,6-DIPN selectivity within DIPN of 68.2%, a 2,6-DIPN yield of approximately 25.2%, and the lowest coke content (9.5 wt.%). Combined analyses from thermogravimetry, Raman spectroscopy, and GC-MS of soluble coke species suggest that the hierarchical pore architecture facilitates mass transfer, reducing the residence time of intermediates near acid sites, thereby suppressing the formation of polyalkylated naphthalene precursors and subsequent coke deposition. The results suggest that CTAB can effectively regulate the MOR zeolite to construct a hierarchical pore structure, thereby preserving its shape-selective properties while significantly improving mass transfer and coke resistance, and providing a feasible catalyst design strategy for the highly selective synthesis of 2,6-DIPN.

       

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