Abstract: The dehydrogenation of ethane by CO₂ to ethylene (CO₂-ODH) has important research and application values.This review focuses on the reaction mechanism of CO₂ oxidation dehydrogenation of ethane and the key scientific issues (selective cleavage of C-C/C-H bonds).Effects of electronic and geometric properties of active sites, interface site effects, metal-support interactions, surface acid-base properties, heteroatom doping, catalyst deactivation and regeneration on performance and structure-activity relationship of CO₂-ODH reaction are summarized.Moreover, this review introduces the application of noble metal catalysts and non-noble metal catalysts in CO₂-ODH reaction, and proposes the methods used for constructing efficient ethane oxidation dehydrogenation catalysts based on the reaction mechanisms and key scientific issues.Finally, the research progress of CO₂-ODH reaction catalysts are summarized.Research results provide reference and theoretical guidance for the development of CO₂-ODH catalyst with good activity, product selectivity and stability, and provide beneficial support for its further commercial application.