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    基于氨基酸热点突变的漆酶绿色催化体系构建

    Construction of laccase green catalytic system based on amino acid hotspot mutation

    • 摘要: 本文以漆酶的绿色催化体系构建为目的,以灰盖拟鬼伞来源漆酶 (Coprinus cinereus Laccase,CcLAC)为研究对象,通过同源建模和AlphaFold2建立CcLAC的3D模型,对漆酶活性中心T1 Cu 5Å范围内的氨基酸进行虚拟饱和突变,而后将木质素模型底物愈创木酚(GUA)与突变体逐一进行分子对接并根据亲和力排序,获得突变文库。以活性口袋表面疏水性增强为引导,对突变文库进行定向精简,锁定热点氨基酸及突变策略。进一步构建CcLAC突变质粒并转化至里氏木霉 (Trichoderma reesei)中,通过潮霉素抗性初筛及变色圈法复筛,成功获得重组里氏木霉转化子,其中突变体CcLAC_P415W所产漆酶活力可达8.89 IU/mL,为野生型的1.88倍,同时热稳定性较野生型也有明显改善。另一方面,利用分子对接和高效液相色谱法对漆酶的天然介体文库进行挖掘,筛选获得具有高活性的天然介体乙酰丁香酮和丁香醛。研究表明这两种介体与CcLAC_P415W构成的催化体系对GUA的降解有明显促进作用。本研究构建的重组漆酶-复合天然介体催化体系,GUA的降解率可达85.63%。本研究为漆酶-介体系统的进一步完善以及绿色环保新型催化剂的研发奠定了基础。

       

      Abstract: In order to construct a green catalytic system for laccase,this study focused on laccase (CcLAC) from Coprinus cinereu,and a 3D model of CcLAC was established using homology modeling and AlphaFold2. Virtual saturation mutations were performed on amino acids within the T1 Cu 5 Å region of the laccase active site. The lignin model substrate guaiacol (GUA) was then molecularly docked with the mutants one by one and ordered according to affinity to obtain a mutant library. Guided by enhanced hydrophobicity of the active pocket surface, the mutant library was selectively simplified to identify hotspot amino acids and a specific mutation strategy. The CcLAC mutant plasmid was further constructed and transformed into Trichoderma reesei. Recombinant Trichoderma reesei transformants were successfully obtained through primary screening for hygromycin resistance and secondary screening using the color-changing zone method. The laccase activity produced by the mutant CcLAC_P415W reached 8.89 IU/mL, 1.88 times that of the wild type, and its thermostability was also significantly improved compared to the wild type.Additionally, molecular docking and high-performance liquid chromatography identified acetylsyringone and syringaldehyde as high-activity natural mediators.Further studies showed that the catalytic system composed of these two mediators and CcLAC_P415W significantly promoted the degradation of GUA.The constructed recombinant laccase-complex natural mediator system achieved an 85.63% GUA degradation rate.This study lays the foundation for further improvement of the laccase-mediator system and the development of novel green and environmentally friendly catalysts.

       

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