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    本征紫外屏蔽含硫聚氨酯合成和性能研究

    Synthesis and Performance Study of Intrinsic Ultraviolet-Shielding Sulfur-Containing Polyurethanes

    • 摘要: 聚合物材料在紫外线(UV)辐射下易发生光降解与黄变,导致性能劣化。针对外添型紫外线吸收剂存在的迁移性、光稳定性不足及潜在毒性等缺陷,开发本征抗紫外聚合物具有重要意义。本研究基于硫元素独特的电子结构,通过1, 4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯(BDDA)、1, 3-二环氧杂环己烷-2-酮(TMC)与S8质子转移阴离子杂化共聚反应,合成端羟基含硫预聚物;其中环状单体有效调控反应进程,抑制过度交联并实现动态解交联。进一步采用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)固化预聚物,制备出兼具本征抗紫外功能与优异再加工性能的新型含硫聚氨酯。该材料具备全波段紫外线屏蔽能力,紫外区透光率趋近于零而可见光区透光率超过80%;同时展现优异热稳定性,初始分解温度高于224 ℃;力学性能可调,拉伸强度最高达7.2 MPa;并具有优异的再加工性和降解性能。本工作为高性能本征抗紫外聚合物的简易制备提供了新策略,在防紫外线贴膜、环保包装及户外防护涂层领域具有广阔应用前景。

       

      Abstract: Polymer materials are often vulnerable to UV-induced photodegradation and yellowing, which can significantly degrade their performance. Therefore, developing intrinsically UV-shielding polymers is essential. This study leverages sulfur’s unique electronic structure to synthesize hydroxyl-terminated sulfur-containing prepolymers through proton-transfer anionic hybrid copolymerization. This process involves the use of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate (BDDA), 1,3-dioxolan-2-one (TMC), and elemental sulfur (S8). The cyclic monomer TMC plays a crucial role in regulating the reaction, effectively suppressing excessive crosslinking while facilitating decrosslinking. Following this, the prepolymers are cured with toluene diisocyanate (TDI), resulting in novel sulfur-incorporated polyurethanes. The resulting products demonstrate the ability to provide full-band UV shielding, exhibiting near-zero transmittance in the UV region and over 80% transmittance in the visible spectrum. Furthermore, these polymers display remarkable thermal stability, with an initial decomposition temperature exceeding 224 ℃. Their mechanical properties are tunable, achieving tensile strengths of up to 7.2 MPa, and they feature outstanding reprocessability due to the presence of dynamic polysulfide bonds. Additionally, the materials show significant degradability, which aligns with the increasing demand for sustainable solutions. This work offers a straightforward strategy for fabricating high-performance intrinsically UV-shielding polymers, presenting broad application potential in UV-protective films, eco-friendly packaging, and outdoor coatings.

       

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